discrete adj. 1.分离的,分立的;显然有别的。 2.不连续的;【数学】离散的;【哲学】抽象的 (opp. concrete)。 A nebula is really a discrete mass of innumerous stars. 一团星云实际上是无数星体不连续的集合体。 adv. -ly
observation n. 1.观察,注意;观察力;?望。 2.观测,实测;【航海】测天;【军事】观测,监视,侦察。 3.(观察得的)知识,经验;〔pl.〕观察[观测]报告[资料]。 4.经验谈,讲话,谈话;评述,按语,短评,意见 (on)。 5.〔口语〕发言,言论。 a man of no observation 没有观察力的人。 an expedition of observation 观察队。 sampling observation 抽查。 service observation 业务检查。 a witty [foolish] observation 聪明[糊涂]话。 come [fall] under one's observation 看见,瞧见。 keep a suspect [patient] under observation 监视[观察]一个可疑的人[病人]。 make a few observations on 简单谈谈对…的几点看法。 take an observation 【航海】测天。
Observation is particularly important where there is no permanent record of activities - discrete observation can reveal whether there is improper access to a restricted area 对于没有持续性记录的活动来说,实地观察法是一种非常有效的方法。持续的观察可以发现是否有不正确进入受限制区域的行为。
Two kinds of risk measures are considered , volatility and value at risk ( var ) . some methods based on our local polynomial estimator and some other recent work to calculate the volatility based on discrete observations are given . a time dependent value at risk ( tvar ) based on stochastic processes is defined 我们主要考虑金融风险度量的两种方法,一是波动率,我们给出了一些基于离散观察的波动率的计算方法;二是在险值( var ) ,我们定义了一种基于随机过程的在险值,称为时变在险值